Abstract
The article discusses parallels between identities formed in foreign language con- text in the analogue era and today’s digital world. It turns out that technological factors may only augment the impact a motivating learning environment exerts on individuals in forming an identity as a foreign language learner, different from the one already constructed in the real world.

Abstract
The objective of this paper is a detailed analysis of characters performing the role of the Third in Dostoevsky’s novel The Idiot. “The Third” is construed here analogously to the Third in Charles S. Peirce’s triadic sign in which it links two other elements and endows them with meaning. In this article, the role of the Third is performed by a character who establishes a relation with two other persons and exerts influence on their conduct and their fates. The analysis reveals that in the two three-way relationships in the novel there emerges a strong dynamics of position variability: in particular episodes or moments of plot development the role of the Third is taken up by a different participant in the relation. Also, the nature of the Third’s pursuit changes: initially it is concerned with creating and strengthening the triadic relations, while later it becomes primarily destructive.

Abstract
In the eyes of Cardinal Stefan Wyszyński, the nation, next to the family, homeland and the Church, is one of the most durable institutions of social life. He is one of the highest figures of social life. It has its own internal identity that distinguishes it from other nations. The awareness of one's separateness and internal independence constitutes the subjectivity of the nation.

Abstract
This paper aInteractive boards used in schools of all types have been the subject of interest and pedagogical experiments for almost twenty years. Noticeable significant changes in practical application, and especially in the number of boards purchased in education, have been recorded in the past decade. Therefore, everyone expects that the visions of Robert J. Marzano on the exponential growth rate of use and the role of multimedia tools in the teaching process will turn out to be true. The multimedia board is primarily a tool that allows you to organize the interactive nature of the lesson. The course of educational activities with the use of this didactic in the context of proxemics is interesting. The selected research results constitute the content of the presented article.

Abstract
The aim of this paper is to perform an analysis of the novel Il giovane maronita (The Young Maronite) by Alessandro Spina, a Syrian-Italian author, applying the topos of theatrum mundi as defined by Luigi Pirandello. In his works, Spina seems to portray life in the heart of colonial Africa and Italian colonialism in Libya as a performance on the stage of the theatre of the world. Spina also emphasises the transformation of the tragic colonial life of human marionettes into a kind of descent into hell, focusing on the acoustic aspect of theatrical reality. The use of pauses in the novel may symbolise the silence of the Libyan natives, while numerous, dominant voices of the Italian colonisers are reminiscent of Giuseppe Verdi’s operatic arias, mentioned expressis verbis in the analysed novel. Strongly contrasting the silence of the natives with the lack of Bakhtinian polyphony among the colonisers, Spina makes the reader-listener feel an artistic dissonance. Exploring geopolitical reality and using metatheatrical techniques, he strongly condemns the absurdity of European colonialism.

Abstract
Karol Wojtyła’s personalistic ethics treat a man - a person - as a unique body-spiritual being, social and transcending, for whose personal relationships are necessary. These relationships are formed on the basis of natural communities, such as family, tribe and nation, not excluding wider communities and supranational structures. However, Wojtyła gives pri-macy in the “person-creative” processes to natural environments, such as family and nation, because in the process of the development of person they are closer to the individual life, they directly socialize it, being the primary transmitters of language, moral attitudes, religion, customs and other cultural values. The concept of the homeland proposed by Wojtyła is far from nationalistic reductionism can be a valuable inspiration in current debates on the model of European integration. It is friendly to the human person as a creative and constructive space for individuals and different communities.

Abstract
This text is one of the author’s subsequent studies constituting a series of reflections related to the analysis of biblical texts in the context of contemporary aspects of education. It is not a theological study, but a methodologically valid essay indicating possible inspirations for pedagogical research. In this article, the starting point is the Name and the Word. Based on literature and his own research and personal experiences, the author attempts to indicate the interpretation possibilities of selected fragments of biblical texts. From the technical point of view, the article has the form of a quasi-letter, de facto a scientific essay, which results from personal contexts.

Abstract
The upbringing and the education of the North American Indian children were based on the tribal community, rooted in tradition and directed by set of principles very different from those which the friars from Europe were trying to implement when they arrived on the new continent in the 16th century. At first priests who were managing educational work respected native cultures. They were only trying to “civilize” natives. Soon they realized that the need arose to organize different educational institutions for native people. In the United States, in freshly formed reservations, the schools for Indian children were being opened. At the end of the 19th century, when the process of the degradation of tribal communities intensified, the federal government approved an introduction of the dramatic changes in the native education. The symbol of those changes were Indian boarding schools for children and youth, usually established far away from their native villages. Their main goal wasn’t to ‘civilize” the Indian but to assimilate him. The first one was the Carlisle Indian Industrial School, established by Richard Pratt in Carlisle, Pennsylvania, and it soon became a model for others to follow, among others for the Canadian government. In Canada the standards of operation for those educational institutions were much lower than the one practiced south of the border. Teared away from their families and from tribal roots native children were forced to renounce the traditional knowledge they had acquired from their parents and relatives. The tactic used in boarding schools only deepened the destruction of the tribal cultures and values. With time the criticism of the methods used in boarding schools allowed for their rejection, but at the same time it was also demonstrated that those schools had some positive influence on their young pupils. Although generally they are considered the lost generations, the multidimensional profile of the boarding schools permits to ask an open question if those generations were lost completely.

Abstract
The concept of the inner child is an element of schema therapy according to J.E. Young, psychotherapeutic approach of the 3rd wave of CBT. The inner child is that part of the psyche that recognizes individual needs as distinct from the needs of others. Dysfunctional cognitive schemas are patterns of thought and behavior formed most often in childhood and developed throughout life. Schema therapy users learn how to meet their emotional needs in a healthy, adaptive way. Unfortunately, apart from professional psychotherapeutic proposals for healing the inner child, an unprofessional and dangerous marketing offer appeared. The direct impetus for the creation of this article has become the fashion of representatives of Generation Z to improve mental health through playing self-therapy online. The trend bears the hallmarks of an inner cult of an egocentric child. The article addresses the development of the ability to decentralize during human life and its disorders.

Abstract
This article points to a very important role of the media, television in praticular, in the society’s health education. By combining images and words it sends the message, like i the case of medical programs, to familiarize the viewer with a given topic. And also becomes even more convincing and therefore credible. Also, thanks to the huge involvement of medical experts, including doctors, patients and representatives of many associations - everyone is very willing to participate in these programs, providing substantive opinions and their own experiences. All the above makes the viewers of the “live” medical program accustomed, also by the presented modern equipment and also motivates them to follow the example of others, and that it is worth to be vigilant and to take care of your health by taking tests.

Abstract
We encounter the idea of infinity at an existential, epistemological, and scientific level. Man has the understanding of being finite, and at the same time, this understanding takes him beyond it, towards the infinite. Therefore, the problems of finitude and infinity have been an enduring philosophical issue. However, this did not just mean trying to get a grasp of it, but to include it in experiencing of the world. Infinity was the condition of possibility for our experience. The inclusion of this idea in our experience meant trying to go beyond this world and discovering another dimension. From the 17th century onwards, its slow loss as a condition of our experience was taking place. The result is an ideology of nothingbutism in which the ‘Fifth Dimension’ (J. Hick) is eliminated. The article shows the dangers of this ideology and its overcoming by modern science and philosophy.

Abstract
Persistence is one of the main characteristics that define Polish culture. It expresses immutability in the face of changes in civilization, external factors such as wars of persecution and internal factors changing traditions and fixed canons of existence. Polish culture severely experienced various pressures caused by Russian, German and Austrian captivity, valiantly repelling the foreign patterns and ideologies imposed on them, thanks to which the nation - despite the lack of statehood - developed to be reborn. This solidity flowed first and foremost from the basic communities of family, school, church and nation. The love for the nation instilled in the family home and reinforced in the Church bore fruit in the lives of Poles with noble deeds, valiantly resisting Germanization, Russification and Islamization. In modern times, the nation must not be afraid to oppose the dictatorship of relativism, which by undermining the truth relativizes the basic principles of social life. History, which is needed by new generations of Poles, is helpful in raising awareness of this dangerous trend.