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Trandisciplinary studies on culture (and) education no 19

 

Annals Kujawy and Pomorze University in Bydgoszcz.
Transdyscyplinary Studies on Cultire (and) Education

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Aleksandra Chciuk, Oliwia Maga
Affiliation: University of Silesia in Katowice
ORCID: 0000-0003-3621-9189,  0009-0006-8448-9174
AI ACT: WILL THE NEW REGULATION CHANGE THE FUTURE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EUROPE?
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: AI Act; categories of AI Act; artificial intelligence regulations; transparency; application of artificial intelligence
Abstract
This article regulates legal issues related to the use of systems based on artificial intelligence, and also provides an answer to the question of whether the latest European regulation is able to cope with and sufficiently regulate AI as a new technology. First, a historical outline of the creation of the act, the subjective and objective scope will be presented, the areas of regulation will be approximated, and then the characteristic elements created by the EU legislator will be analyzed. Next, instruments aimed at limiting the negative effects of using AI and stimulating fur- ther development and operation of systems based on AI systems will be analyzed.
Taking into account such a wide scope of regulation, it is reasonable to try to answer the question of whether the Regulation constitutes an innovative regulation that will change the future of artificial intelligence in Europe.
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Marcin Chrostowski
Affiliation: Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń
ORCID: 0000-0003-1974-3923
WHAT IS THE “IMAGE OF GOD” IN MAN? REFLECTION ON THE BEGINNING OF THE BOOK OF GENESIS IN LIGHT OF THE DOCUMENT OF THE PONTIFICAL BIBLICAL COMMISSION, WHAT IS MAN? A JOURNEY THROUGH BIBLICAL
ANTHROPOLOGY
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: Book of Genesis, image and likeness, biblical anthropology
Abstract
Much has been written on the subject of the image of God in man in biblical-theological terms. However, more attention should be paid to the proper understanding of Gen 1:26, which explains that the Lord God created man not so much “in His own image and likeness”, but literally: “in His image according to His likeness”. A careful translation of these words raises questions about what in man is the image of God, what proves his uniqueness in relation to other created entities, and finally – what is his vocation in relation to the Creator. A proper understanding of biblical anthropology will also be made on the basis of the document of the Pontifical Biblical Commission entitled: What is Man? A Journey through Biblical Anthropology.
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Arleta Herehorowicz, Magdalena Dawidowska
Affiliation: Warsaw University of Life Sciences
ORCID: 0000-0003-1656-5252 
THE ATTITUDE OF GENERATION Z TOWARDS ECONOMIC KNOWLEDGE. THE PERSPECTIVE OF PEDAGOGY STUDENTS IN WARSAW
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: Generation Z, pedagogy students, attitude, economics
Abstract
The subject of this analysis is the attitude of Generation Z towards economics. The aim of the study is to explain the attitude of pedagogy students towards economic knowledge and to determine the significance of gender for this attitude. It is worth noting that the authors are aware that the results of this study may not reflect the attitude towards economics of the entire Generation Z population. This study is of a pilot nature, allowing for the recognition of the attitude towards economic knowledge within the group of pedagogy students who participated in it. The authors propose to treat this study as an introduction and an encouragement for further, more detailed research in this area. The study was conducted using the diagnostic survey method, employing the questionnaire technique and the research tool of a questionnaire among pedagogy students of the Warsaw University of Life Sciences and the Maria
Grzegorzewska University.
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Paweł Kiejkowski
Affiliation: Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań
ORCID: 0000-0003-0787-4395
ICON A PLACE OF ENCOUNTER WITH TRUE BEAUTY AMBIVALENT VALUE OF BEAUTY BY PAUL EVDOKIMOV
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: Paul Evdokimov, beauty, icon, evil
Abstract
Paul Evdokimov (1901-1970), one of the most prominent contemporary Russian Orthodox thinkers, gave Western Christians many theological treasures from the great heritage of the Eastern tradition. One of these was a theological thought on the beauty of the icon. The Russian author presented this issue in a broad theological context, especially Christological, but also referring to important intuitions from theological anthropology and the theology of spirituality. It is a deeply biblical thought and refers to the theology of the Church fathers. The icon is the presence of true Beauty. And as such, incorporated into the Church’s liturgy, it is a place and an occasion for a salvific encounter that transforms human beings. It is a response to the transcendent desires of man. Such a response, on the other hand, is not provided by beauty in rebellion against God. It demands conversion.
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Mariusz Kuciński, Anna Kryszak
Affiliation: Kujawy and Pomorze University in Bydgoszcz, St. Brother Albert Assistance Center in Bydgoszcz
ORCID: 0000-0004-4445-2511
READAPTIVE HOUSING AS A FORM OF PATHWAY TO RECOVER FROM ADDICTION CRISIS
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: Homelessness, social assistance, overcoming addictions, transitional housing
Abstract
The process of overcoming addiction is highly complex, diverse, and multifaceted, requiring an individual approach. It demands sustained determination from individuals striving for a sober life as well as support from institutions and specific individuals accompanying them on this journey. Transitional housing plays a significant role in the path toward a better life, offering an opportunity to solidify desirable psychosocial behaviors. The aim of this study is to examine the impact of transitional housing on the process of overcoming addiction. The process of reintegration into social life is referred to as social reintegration, which should be understood as a preparatory process for re-adapting to the frameworks of social life. Planned and systematic adaptive measures targeting individuals struggling with addiction provide an opportunity for their successful return to the community and for functioning in accordance with prevailing social norms.
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Oliwia Maga
Affiliation: University of Silesia in Katowice
ORCID: 0009-0006-8448-9174
AI ACT – REGULATING THE FUTURE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN EUROPE?
AN ASSESSMENT OF THE VALUES PROTECTED BY THE AI ACT
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: AI Act, Artificial Intelligence Act, transparency obligation, fundamental rights, artificial intelligence, application of artificial intelligence, AI categories, high risk
Abstract
This article will attempt to answer the question of whether the latest artificial intelligence regulation, the AI Act, is a regulation of the future of artificial intelligence in Europe. The necessity of regulating this subject has been repeatedly raised in the European forum. This regulation is the response of the European legislator to the progressive technological development, new technologies and risks that are immanently associated with it. It also promotes the idea of legal regulation of artificial intelligence. The increase in the use of systems based on artificial intelligence, whether in the area of social life or various economic sectors, is noticeable. This act responds to the increasing presence of artificial intelligence in today’s reality by harmonizing regulations related to the use and distribution of AI systems in the European market. The regulations in question are created by the EU legislator in the spirit of absoluterespect for human rights and freedoms, since one of the motives of the regulation in question is that artificial intelligence is human-oriented and trustworthy. Today, it is possible to analyze the solutions and potential consequences that the act entails and its application. This is because it represents the first legal regulation in the world covering systems based on artificial intelligence. In turn, the possible assessment of the effects of the implementation of this regulation will certainly be possible after some time after the start of its application – the regulation applies in principle from August 2, 2026. The whole described regulation is created in the spirit of respect for such values as health, safety, democracy, rule of law, environmental protection. The need to create artificial intelligence based on, among other things, these values has been widely commented on within the European internal market. Hence, this article is an attempt to answer the question of what specific values the AI Act protects and what instruments the EU legislator implements with this regulation to realize these values.
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Joanna Mstowska
Affiliation: Kujawy and Pomorze University in Bydgoszcz
ORCID: 0000-0003-2584-5432
RICHARD H. DANA’S TWO YEARS BEFORE THE MASTAND JOSEPH CONRAD’S THE MIRROR OF THE SEA – A MIMETIC MIRROR OR AN ENLIGHTENING LAMP?
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: R. H. Dana, J. Conrad, mimesis, mirror, lamp
Abstract
The paper is devoted to the examination of mirror reflection and its role in Richard H. Dana’s Two Years Before the Mast. Applying Meyer Abrams’ famous metaphor of the mirror and the lamp, it is argued that Dana’s narrative is not a mere reportorial account regarded as a copy of authentic maritime life, but, rather, that it illustrates the author as torn between mimesis and creatio. A comparative analysis of Two Years and Joseph Conrad’s collection of essays entitled The Mirror of the Sea concentrates on the portrayal of the sea and a lonely seaman, examining his reflection in the mirror-like surface of the water. While the interpretations of both texts are mainly based on Abrams’ dichotomy, other critical views are noted as well, offering broader perspectives on various mimetic aspects examined in this paper.
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Paweł Prüfer
Affiliation: The Jakub of Paradyż Academy in Gorzów Wielkopolski
ORCID: 0000-0003-3647-8068
VALUES AND THE PROBLEM OF HUMANITY IN THE SOCIOLOGICAL AXIONORMATIVE “SCENERY”
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: humanity, dignity, freedom, affirmation, affiliation, sociology, values, subject.
Abstract
The problem of humanity opens a discussion about values that seem to never expire. The timelessness of dignity, freedom, affirmation and affiliation encourage social researchers not only to recall them, but also to test them in order to look for content related to their durability. The sociological perspective, i.e. free from valuations and axionormatively, allows for the development of both a theoretical analytical base and tools for implementing values in social life. The mentioned values are timeless and universal. The aim of the article is to describe and explain them in order to highlight their dimension and importance.
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Katarzyna Stefanowicz-Zawiszewska
Affiliation: Kujawy and Pomorze University in Bydgoszcz
ORCID:  0000-0002-9914-9790
 
ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE IN ART. AI AS A TOOL OF THE ARTIST OR A SELF-CREATED CREATOR?
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: artificial intelligence, art, ethics and copyright, art market.
Abstract
Artificial intelligence, as a technological and cultural phenomenon, is gaining importance in various areas of life, including art. In the context of art, artificial intelligence can play various roles: from a tool supporting the creative process, to an autonomous creator capable of generating works that, in some sense, can compete with works created by humans. From an analytical perspective, considerations of AI in art imply a number of interactions between technology and human creativity. Modern machine learning algorithms, including neural networks and generative adversarial models (GAN), enable artists to experiment with new forms of expression, opening space for innovative artistic practices. However, there is a fear that machine-generated content may threaten the traditional understanding of art as an activity deeply rooted in human emotions and experiences.
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Paweł Warchoł
Affiliation: Kujawy and Pomorze University in Bydgoszcz
ORCID: 0000-0002-8147-9484
 
THE WORLD OF VALUES IN THE FAMILY, AT SCHOOL, IN THE CHURCH
AND IN THE NATION AS AN EXPRESSION OF INTEGRAL HUMAN DEVELOPMENT
License: CC BY 4.0
Published: 2024
Key words: family, school, church, nation, values, integral human development
Abstract
In integral human development, all values should be taken into account, taking into account their hierarchy. At the very top of the axiological ladder there are religious and spiritual values, but we cannot forget about the others. By taking all of them into account, a proper balance is created between body and soul, two elements constituting human existence, with priority given to the soul with its intellectual, volitional and affective capacity. This truth applies to every man and woman, because all are endowed with it and are capable of integral development of their humanity. In order to achieve this goal, a person needs education provided by family, school, Church and nation. The family is the home and the first social unit in which it develops and matures. At school, he gets to know the world and the surrounding reality better, while the Church provides him with religious and spiritual values so that he values his dignity and the ultimate goal of his life to which he is called. All the above-mentioned institutions have their roots in the nation, which connects all compatriots and ensures their continuity. As knowledge and experience indicate in all environments in which a person lives, learns and develops, the most important thing in formation is love, which determines his identity, being at the same time the foundation and the peak of his development. Thanks to it, a human person shows his nobility, because it gives him motivation for comprehensive development.
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